Salinización del suelo en tierras secas irrigadas
Drylands are characterized among other things by low rainfall and soils with insufficient water. In these regions, agricultural production depends on irrigation, which transforms arid ecosystems into irrigated arable areas, as in the Cuyo region, in the central-western Argentina. Although these l...
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| Publicado en: | Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias |
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| Autores principales: | , , |
| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://bdigital.uncu.edu.ar/fichas.php?idobjeto=9376 |
| Sumario: | Drylands are characterized among other things by low rainfall and soils with insufficient
water. In these regions, agricultural production depends on irrigation, which
transforms arid ecosystems into irrigated arable areas, as in the Cuyo region, in the
central-western Argentina. Although these lands support the majority of the population,
they are often associated with degradation processes. One of the main consequences
of unsustainable agriculture is soil salinization, which occurs either because perennial
deep-rooted native vegetation is replaced by annual crops or as a result of excessive
irrigation and deficient drainage. Salinization is a global problem, since it reduces the
productivity of large arable areas, decreases land value and leads to their abandonment.
In this context, ecosystem restoration is a strategic approach to reverse the degradation
of irrigated drylands, recover services and promote the conservation of arid
ecosystems at the regional scale. In this paper we review the factors, both those linked
to the biophysical environment and those determined by human activities, which are
associated with salinization in different regions, as well as the implemented measures
for rehabilitating these environments. Furthermore, the terminology associated with the
practice of restoration is revised and a suitable alternative for exploring this approach in
Cuyo is proposed: the productive restoration using species of the Prosopis genus. |
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