Salinización del suelo en tierras secas irrigadas: perspectivas de restauración en Cuyo, Argentina
Drylands are characterized among other things by low rainfall and soils with insufficient water. In these regions, agricultural production depends on irrigation, which transforms arid ecosystems into irrigated arable areas, as in the Cuyo region, in the central-western Argentina. Although these land...
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Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias-UNCuyo
2017
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| Acceso en línea: | https://revistas.uncu.edu.ar/ojs3/index.php/RFCA/article/view/3132 |
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I11-R107article-31322022-11-09T18:11:48Z Soil salinization in irrigated drylands: prospects for restoration in Cuyo, Argentina Salinización del suelo en tierras secas irrigadas: perspectivas de restauración en Cuyo, Argentina Guida-Johnson, Bárbara Abraham, Elena M. Cony, Mariano A. oasis restauración productiva salinización secundaria sustentabilidad oasis productive restoration secondary salinization sustainability Drylands are characterized among other things by low rainfall and soils with insufficient water. In these regions, agricultural production depends on irrigation, which transforms arid ecosystems into irrigated arable areas, as in the Cuyo region, in the central-western Argentina. Although these lands support the majority of the population, they are often associated with degradation processes. One of the main consequences of unsustainable agriculture is soil salinization, which occurs either because perennial deep-rooted native vegetation is replaced by annual crops or as a result of excessive irrigation and deficient drainage. Salinization is a global problem, since it reduces the productivity of large arable areas, decreases land value and leads to their abandonment. In this context, ecosystem restoration is a strategic approach to reverse the degradation of irrigated drylands, recover services and promote the conservation of arid ecosystems at the regional scale. In this paper we review the factors, both those linked to the biophysical environment and those determined by human activities, which are associated with salinization in different regions, as well as the implemented measures for rehabilitating these environments. Furthermore, the terminology associated with the practice of restoration is revised and a suitable alternative for exploring this approach in Cuyo is proposed: the productive restoration using species of the Prosopis genus. Las tierras secas se caracterizan, entre otras cosas, por presentar precipitaciones escasas y suelos con insuficiente agua. En estas regiones, la producción agrícola depende del riego sistematizado que transforma los ecosistemas naturales en áreas irrigadas cultivables, tal como ocurre en la región de Cuyo, en el centro-oeste de Argentina. Aunque estos territorios constituyen el soporte de la mayoría de la población, frecuentemente se asocian con procesos de degradación. Una de las principales consecuencias de la agricultura no sustentable es la salinización del suelo, la cual se produce a causa del reemplazo de la vegetación nativa perenne de raíces profundas por cultivos anuales de raíces poco profundas o bien como consecuencia del riego excesivo y la falta de drenaje adecuado. La salinización constituye un problema a escala mundial, dado que reduce la productividad de grandes áreas cultivables, disminuye el valor de la tierra y conduce a su abandono. En este contexto, la restauración de ecosistemas representa un abordaje estratégico para revertir la degradación de estas tierras, recuperar servicios y promover la conservación de ecosistemas áridos a escala regional. En este trabajo se revisan los factores, tanto aquellos vinculados con el medio biofísico como los determinados por las actividades antrópicas, que fueron asociados con la salinización en distintas regiones, así como las medidas implementadas para rehabilitar estos ambientes. Asimismo, se revisa la terminología vinculada con la práctica de la restauración y se propone una alternativa apropiada para explorar este abordaje en Cuyo: la restauración productiva con especies del género Prosopis. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias-UNCuyo 2017-06-30 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://revistas.uncu.edu.ar/ojs3/index.php/RFCA/article/view/3132 Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias UNCuyo; Vol. 49 No. 1 (2017): January-June; 205-215 Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias UNCuyo; Vol. 49 Núm. 1 (2017): Enero-Junio; 205-215 1853-8665 0370-4661 spa https://revistas.uncu.edu.ar/ojs3/index.php/RFCA/article/view/3132/2279 |
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Universidad Nacional de Cuyo |
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Revistas en línea |
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Revistas en línea |
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Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias |
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Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias |
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I-11 |
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R-107 |
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spa |
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Online |
| author |
Guida-Johnson, Bárbara Abraham, Elena M. Cony, Mariano A. |
| spellingShingle |
Guida-Johnson, Bárbara Abraham, Elena M. Cony, Mariano A. Salinización del suelo en tierras secas irrigadas: perspectivas de restauración en Cuyo, Argentina oasis restauración productiva salinización secundaria sustentabilidad oasis productive restoration secondary salinization sustainability |
| author_facet |
Guida-Johnson, Bárbara Abraham, Elena M. Cony, Mariano A. |
| author_sort |
Guida-Johnson, Bárbara |
| title |
Salinización del suelo en tierras secas irrigadas: perspectivas de restauración en Cuyo, Argentina |
| title_short |
Salinización del suelo en tierras secas irrigadas: perspectivas de restauración en Cuyo, Argentina |
| title_full |
Salinización del suelo en tierras secas irrigadas: perspectivas de restauración en Cuyo, Argentina |
| title_fullStr |
Salinización del suelo en tierras secas irrigadas: perspectivas de restauración en Cuyo, Argentina |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Salinización del suelo en tierras secas irrigadas: perspectivas de restauración en Cuyo, Argentina |
| title_sort |
soil salinization in irrigated drylands: prospects for restoration in cuyo, argentina |
| description |
Drylands are characterized among other things by low rainfall and soils with insufficient water. In these regions, agricultural production depends on irrigation, which transforms arid ecosystems into irrigated arable areas, as in the Cuyo region, in the central-western Argentina. Although these lands support the majority of the population, they are often associated with degradation processes. One of the main consequences of unsustainable agriculture is soil salinization, which occurs either because perennial deep-rooted native vegetation is replaced by annual crops or as a result of excessive irrigation and deficient drainage. Salinization is a global problem, since it reduces the productivity of large arable areas, decreases land value and leads to their abandonment. In this context, ecosystem restoration is a strategic approach to reverse the degradation of irrigated drylands, recover services and promote the conservation of arid ecosystems at the regional scale. In this paper we review the factors, both those linked to the biophysical environment and those determined by human activities, which are associated with salinization in different regions, as well as the implemented measures for rehabilitating these environments. Furthermore, the terminology associated with the practice of restoration is revised and a suitable alternative for exploring this approach in Cuyo is proposed: the productive restoration using species of the Prosopis genus. |
| publisher |
Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias-UNCuyo |
| publishDate |
2017 |
| url |
https://revistas.uncu.edu.ar/ojs3/index.php/RFCA/article/view/3132 |
| topic |
oasis restauración productiva salinización secundaria sustentabilidad oasis productive restoration secondary salinization sustainability |
| topic_facet |
oasis restauración productiva salinización secundaria sustentabilidad oasis productive restoration secondary salinization sustainability |
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1800220907462983680 |
